UNIBEN English Language 2007/2008 Past Questions

Read the passage I carefully and answer the questions that follow.
PASSAGE I
It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest. Adam smith , the Wealth of a Nation(1776). Pause for a moment to consider the paradoxical words above, penned in 1776 by Adam smith, the founder of modern economics. That same year was also marked by the American Declaration of Independence. It is no coincidence that both ides appeared at the same time. Just as the American revolutionaries were proclaiming freedom from tyranny, Adam smith was preaching a revolutionary doctrine emancipating trade and industry from the shackles of feudal aristocracy. in the last two centuries, most of the world experienced an era of unimagined [prosperity. in the United States and other high-income countries, most people today can afford to buy fer more than the bare necessities of food, clothing and fast air transportation to any part of the globe are examples of an astonishing range of goods and services that have become part of everyday life. Developing countries have also seen their standards of living rise rapidly in recent years. But widespread prosperity has not brought economic security. In an average year, 10 million
American lose their jobs and about 100,000 businesses go bankrupt. and 14percent of households are designed as poor, and the number is almost 50 percent among household headed by black female. Many families worry bout the catastrophe financial consequence of illness have no health insurance. The affluent society is an anxious society.
for most of human history, people who experience economic misfortunes lived on the mercy of their family and friends. Starting about a century ago, governments introduced the "welfare state",which provided social insurance and income support to needy people. Gradually, poor people in rich countries got access to minima; levels of income, food and health care. But raising taxes and growing government spending on health care and public pensions have produced a revolt of the middle class, which is the taxed class, in 1996 the United States removed its guarantee of income support for poor families. Everywhere, countries are rethinking the boundaries between state and market, trying to balance the growing need for providing public services with the increasing clamour for cutting taxes and shrinking government. This is the age of the global market place. Today, money, goods and information cross national borders more readily than ever before. in earlier times, we did business with people down the street or in the next town and we bought mainly local goods. Today, we ride the "world car". look at this world car or at a fast computer. it incorporates materials, labour, capital and innovations from around the world. the rise of the global market place raises new challenges. Who can best adapt to increased foreign competition? who can quickly adapt to the information age? The stakes are high. to the winners go the profits, while the losers lag behind.

Read the passage I carefully and answer the questions that follow.
PASSAGE I
It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest. Adam smith , the Wealth of a Nation(1776). Pause for a moment to consider the paradoxical words above, penned in 1776 by Adam smith, the founder of modern economics. That same year was also marked by the American Declaration of Independence. It is no coincidence that both ides appeared at the same time. Just as the American revolutionaries were proclaiming freedom from tyranny, Adam smith was preaching a revolutionary doctrine emancipating trade and industry from the shackles of feudal aristocracy. in the last two centuries, most of the world experienced an era of unimagined [prosperity. in the United States and other high-income countries, most people today can afford to buy fer more than the bare necessities of food, clothing and fast air transportation to any part of the globe are examples of an astonishing range of goods and services that have become part of everyday life. Developing countries have also seen their standards of living rise rapidly in recent years. But widespread prosperity has not brought economic security. In an average year, 10 million
American lose their jobs and about 100,000 businesses go bankrupt. and 14percent of households are designed as poor, and the number is almost 50 percent among household headed by black female. Many families worry bout the catastrophe financial consequence of illness have no health insurance. The affluent society is an anxious society.
for most of human history, people who experience economic misfortunes lived on the mercy of their family and friends. Starting about a century ago, governments introduced the "welfare state",which provided social insurance and income support to needy people. Gradually, poor people in rich countries got access to minima; levels of income, food and health care. But raising taxes and growing government spending on health care and public pensions have produced a revolt of the middle class, which is the taxed class, in 1996 the United States removed its guarantee of income support for poor families. Everywhere, countries are rethinking the boundaries between state and market, trying to balance the growing need for providing public services with the increasing clamour for cutting taxes and shrinking government. This is the age of the global market place. Today, money, goods and information cross national borders more readily than ever before. in earlier times, we did business with people down the street or in the next town and we bought mainly local goods. Today, we ride the "world car". look at this world car or at a fast computer. it incorporates materials, labour, capital and innovations from around the world. the rise of the global market place raises new challenges. Who can best adapt to increased foreign competition? who can quickly adapt to the information age? The stakes are high. to the winners go the profits, while the losers lag behind.

Read the passage I carefully and answer the questions that follow.
PASSAGE I
It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest. Adam smith , the Wealth of a Nation(1776). Pause for a moment to consider the paradoxical words above, penned in 1776 by Adam smith, the founder of modern economics. That same year was also marked by the American Declaration of Independence. It is no coincidence that both ides appeared at the same time. Just as the American revolutionaries were proclaiming freedom from tyranny, Adam smith was preaching a revolutionary doctrine emancipating trade and industry from the shackles of feudal aristocracy. in the last two centuries, most of the world experienced an era of unimagined [prosperity. in the United States and other high-income countries, most people today can afford to buy fer more than the bare necessities of food, clothing and fast air transportation to any part of the globe are examples of an astonishing range of goods and services that have become part of everyday life. Developing countries have also seen their standards of living rise rapidly in recent years. But widespread prosperity has not brought economic security. In an average year, 10 million
American lose their jobs and about 100,000 businesses go bankrupt. and 14percent of households are designed as poor, and the number is almost 50 percent among household headed by black female. Many families worry bout the catastrophe financial consequence of illness have no health insurance. The affluent society is an anxious society.
for most of human history, people who experience economic misfortunes lived on the mercy of their family and friends. Starting about a century ago, governments introduced the "welfare state",which provided social insurance and income support to needy people. Gradually, poor people in rich countries got access to minima; levels of income, food and health care. But raising taxes and growing government spending on health care and public pensions have produced a revolt of the middle class, which is the taxed class, in 1996 the United States removed its guarantee of income support for poor families. Everywhere, countries are rethinking the boundaries between state and market, trying to balance the growing need for providing public services with the increasing clamour for cutting taxes and shrinking government. This is the age of the global market place. Today, money, goods and information cross national borders more readily than ever before. in earlier times, we did business with people down the street or in the next town and we bought mainly local goods. Today, we ride the "world car". look at this world car or at a fast computer. it incorporates materials, labour, capital and innovations from around the world. the rise of the global market place raises new challenges. Who can best adapt to increased foreign competition? who can quickly adapt to the information age? The stakes are high. to the winners go the profits, while the losers lag behind.

Read the passage I carefully and answer the questions that follow.
PASSAGE I
It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest. Adam smith , the Wealth of a Nation(1776). Pause for a moment to consider the paradoxical words above, penned in 1776 by Adam smith, the founder of modern economics. That same year was also marked by the American Declaration of Independence. It is no coincidence that both ides appeared at the same time. Just as the American revolutionaries were proclaiming freedom from tyranny, Adam smith was preaching a revolutionary doctrine emancipating trade and industry from the shackles of feudal aristocracy. in the last two centuries, most of the world experienced an era of unimagined [prosperity. in the United States and other high-income countries, most people today can afford to buy fer more than the bare necessities of food, clothing and fast air transportation to any part of the globe are examples of an astonishing range of goods and services that have become part of everyday life. Developing countries have also seen their standards of living rise rapidly in recent years. But widespread prosperity has not brought economic security. In an average year, 10 million
American lose their jobs and about 100,000 businesses go bankrupt. and 14percent of households are designed as poor, and the number is almost 50 percent among household headed by black female. Many families worry bout the catastrophe financial consequence of illness have no health insurance. The affluent society is an anxious society.
for most of human history, people who experience economic misfortunes lived on the mercy of their family and friends. Starting about a century ago, governments introduced the "welfare state",which provided social insurance and income support to needy people. Gradually, poor people in rich countries got access to minima; levels of income, food and health care. But raising taxes and growing government spending on health care and public pensions have produced a revolt of the middle class, which is the taxed class, in 1996 the United States removed its guarantee of income support for poor families. Everywhere, countries are rethinking the boundaries between state and market, trying to balance the growing need for providing public services with the increasing clamour for cutting taxes and shrinking government. This is the age of the global market place. Today, money, goods and information cross national borders more readily than ever before. in earlier times, we did business with people down the street or in the next town and we bought mainly local goods. Today, we ride the "world car". look at this world car or at a fast computer. it incorporates materials, labour, capital and innovations from around the world. the rise of the global market place raises new challenges. Who can best adapt to increased foreign competition? who can quickly adapt to the information age? The stakes are high. to the winners go the profits, while the losers lag behind.

PASSAGE II
In many places in the world today, the poor are getting poorer while the rich are getting richer, and the programmes of development planning and foreign aid appear to be reverse this trend. Nearly all the developing countries have a modern sector, were the patterns of living and working are similar to those in developed countries. But they also have a non-modern sector, where the patterns of living and working are not only unsatisfactory, but in many cases are even getting worse. What is typical condition of the poor in developing countries? "Their work opportunities" are so limited that they cannot work their way out of their situation. they are underemployed, or totally unemployed; when they do find totally unemployed, when they do find occasional work their productivity is extremely low. some of them have land, but often too little land. many have no land, and no prospect of ever getting any.
there is no hope for them in the rural areas, and so they drift into the big cities. but there is no work for them in the big cities either and of course no housing. all the same, they flock into cities because their chances of finding some work appears to be greater there than in the villages, where they are nil. rural unemployment, then , produce mass-migration into the cities, rural unemployment becomes urban unemployment. The problem can be stated quite simply: what can be done to promote economic growth outside thee big cities, in the small towns and villages, which still contains 80 to 90% of the total population . the primary need is jobs literally millions of jobs.

PASSAGE II
In many places in the world today, the poor are getting poorer while the rich are getting richer, and the programmes of development planning and foreign aid appear to be reverse this trend. Nearly all the developing countries have a modern sector, were the patterns of living and working are similar to those in developed countries. But they also have a non-modern sector, where the patterns of living and working are not only unsatisfactory, but in many cases are even getting worse. What is typical condition of the poor in developing countries? "Their work opportunities" are so limited that they cannot work their way out of their situation. they are underemployed, or totally unemployed; when they do find totally unemployed, when they do find occasional work their productivity is extremely low. some of them have land, but often too little land. many have no land, and no prospect of ever getting any.
there is no hope for them in the rural areas, and so they drift into the big cities. but there is no work for them in the big cities either and of course no housing. all the same, they flock into cities because their chances of finding some work appears to be greater there than in the villages, where they are nil. rural unemployment, then , produce mass-migration into the cities, rural unemployment becomes urban unemployment. The problem can be stated quite simply: what can be done to promote economic growth outside thee big cities, in the small towns and villages, which still contains 80 to 90% of the total population . the primary need is jobs literally millions of jobs.

PASSAGE II
In many places in the world today, the poor are getting poorer while the rich are getting richer, and the programmes of development planning and foreign aid appear to be reverse this trend. Nearly all the developing countries have a modern sector, were the patterns of living and working are similar to those in developed countries. But they also have a non-modern sector, where the patterns of living and working are not only unsatisfactory, but in many cases are even getting worse. What is typical condition of the poor in developing countries? "Their work opportunities" are so limited that they cannot work their way out of their situation. they are underemployed, or totally unemployed; when they do find totally unemployed, when they do find occasional work their productivity is extremely low. some of them have land, but often too little land. many have no land, and no prospect of ever getting any.
there is no hope for them in the rural areas, and so they drift into the big cities. but there is no work for them in the big cities either and of course no housing. all the same, they flock into cities because their chances of finding some work appears to be greater there than in the villages, where they are nil. rural unemployment, then , produce mass-migration into the cities, rural unemployment becomes urban unemployment. The problem can be stated quite simply: what can be done to promote economic growth outside thee big cities, in the small towns and villages, which still contains 80 to 90% of the total population . the primary need is jobs literally millions of jobs.

PASSAGE II
In many places in the world today, the poor are getting poorer while the rich are getting richer, and the programmes of development planning and foreign aid appear to be reverse this trend. Nearly all the developing countries have a modern sector, were the patterns of living and working are similar to those in developed countries. But they also have a non-modern sector, where the patterns of living and working are not only unsatisfactory, but in many cases are even getting worse. What is typical condition of the poor in developing countries? "Their work opportunities" are so limited that they cannot work their way out of their situation. they are underemployed, or totally unemployed; when they do find totally unemployed, when they do find occasional work their productivity is extremely low. some of them have land, but often too little land. many have no land, and no prospect of ever getting any.
there is no hope for them in the rural areas, and so they drift into the big cities. but there is no work for them in the big cities either and of course no housing. all the same, they flock into cities because their chances of finding some work appears to be greater there than in the villages, where they are nil. rural unemployment, then , produce mass-migration into the cities, rural unemployment becomes urban unemployment. The problem can be stated quite simply: what can be done to promote economic growth outside thee big cities, in the small towns and villages, which still contains 80 to 90% of the total population . the primary need is jobs literally millions of jobs.

PASSAGE II
In many places in the world today, the poor are getting poorer while the rich are getting richer, and the programmes of development planning and foreign aid appear to be reverse this trend. Nearly all the developing countries have a modern sector, were the patterns of living and working are similar to those in developed countries. But they also have a non-modern sector, where the patterns of living and working are not only unsatisfactory, but in many cases are even getting worse. What is typical condition of the poor in developing countries? "Their work opportunities" are so limited that they cannot work their way out of their situation. they are underemployed, or totally unemployed; when they do find totally unemployed, when they do find occasional work their productivity is extremely low. some of them have land, but often too little land. many have no land, and no prospect of ever getting any.
there is no hope for them in the rural areas, and so they drift into the big cities. but there is no work for them in the big cities either and of course no housing. all the same, they flock into cities because their chances of finding some work appears to be greater there than in the villages, where they are nil. rural unemployment, then , produce mass-migration into the cities, rural unemployment becomes urban unemployment. The problem can be stated quite simply: what can be done to promote economic growth outside thee big cities, in the small towns and villages, which still contains 80 to 90% of the total population . the primary need is jobs literally millions of jobs.

Read the following passage and choose the best option that fills the corresponding gap in the text.

Read the following passage and choose the best option that fills the corresponding gap in the text.

Read the following passage and choose the best option that fills the corresponding gap in the text.

Read the following passage and choose the best option that fills the corresponding gap in the text.

Read the following passage and choose the best option that fills the corresponding gap in the text.

Read the following passage and choose the best option that fills the corresponding gap in the text.

Read the following passage and choose the best option that fills the corresponding gap in the text.

Read the following passage and choose the best option that fills the corresponding gap in the text.

Read the following passage and choose the best option that fills the corresponding gap in the text.

Read the following passage and choose the best option that fills the corresponding gap in the text.

Choose among the options, the one that has the opposite meaning to the word or group of word underlined in the sentences to fill the missing word(s)

Choose among the options, the one that has the opposite meaning to the word or group of word underlined in the sentences to fill the missing word(s)

Choose among the options, the one that has the opposite meaning to the word or group of word underlined in the sentences to fill the missing word(s)

Choose among the options, the one that has the opposite meaning to the word or group of word underlined in the sentences to fill the missing word(s)

Choose among the options, the one that has the opposite meaning to the word or group of word underlined in the sentences to fill the missing word(s)

From the words lettered A to D, choose the one that best completes each of the following sentences

From the words lettered A to D, choose the one that best completes each of the following sentences

From the words lettered A to D, choose the one that best completes each of the following sentences

From the words lettered A to D, choose the one that best completes each of the following sentences

From the words lettered A to D, choose the one that best completes each of the following sentences

From the words lettered A to D, choose the one that best completes each of the following sentences

From the words lettered A to D, choose the one that best completes each of the following sentences

From the words lettered A to D, choose the one that best completes each of the following sentences

From the words lettered A to D, choose the one that best completes each of the following sentences

From the words lettered A to D, choose the one that best completes each of the following sentences

In questions 36 to 40, a list of options is given below every sentence. Choose from the options, the one nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined in the sentence.

In questions 36 to 40, a list of options is given below every sentence. Choose from the options, the one nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined in the sentence.

In questions 36 to 40, a list of options is given below every sentence. Choose from the options, the one nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined in the sentence.

In questions 36 to 40, a list of options is given below every sentence. Choose from the options, the one nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined in the sentence.

In questions 36 to 40, a list of options is given below every sentence. Choose from the options, the one nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined in the sentence.