WAEC Biology 2019 Past Questions

a.  Name five vertebrae in mammals with their corresponding locations.    [10 marks]

b.  State one function each of the following parts in a dicotyledonous leaf:
    (i) palisade;
    (ii) vascular bundle;    
    (iii) epidermis.                            [3 marks]

c.  State one function each of the following parts in the stem of a flowering plant:    
    (i) sieve tube;
    (ii) cortex;
    (iii) pith.    

d.  In a tabular form, state:
    (i) two external structural differences between the stem and root of a maize seeding.    [2 marks]
    (ii) two internal structural differences between the stem and root of a maize seeding.    [2 marks]

a.    State three features of the small intestine that increase the rate of absorption of digested food.    [3 marks]

b.    Explain briefly what happens to the glucose formed in a plant during photosynthesis.    [3 marks]

c.    Explain briefly the mode of feeding in each of the following organisms:
    (i) Euglena;    [4 marks]
    (ii) Spirogyra.    [4 marks]

d.    State three characteristics of an Estuarine habitat.    [3 marks]

e.    State three differences between an aquatic habitat and a terrestrial habitat.    [3 marks]

a.    State five :
    (i) challenges that make conservation of resources difficult;    [5 marks]
    (ii) ways by which the Government of a country ensures conservation of natural resources.    [5 marks]

b.    What is an endangered species?    [3 marks]

c.    A child with blood group O was born to a mother of blood group A.
    (i) What is the blood group genotype of the child?    [1 marks]
    (ii) What are the possible blood group genotypes of the father?    [3 marks]

d.    State three reasons why genetic variation is important to plants.    [3 marks]

A homozygous tall, red flower plant was crossed with a homozygous dwarf, white flower plant. The F1 were selfed and 160 F2 plants were obtained.
   
      a.(i)  Name the type of genetic cross.    [1 marks]
        (ii) State one reason for the answer in 4(a)(i).    [1 marks]

      b.(i)  What is evolution?  [2  marks]
        (ii)  With the aid of a genetic diagram, state the phenotypic ratio of F2 generation.    [13 marks]
        (iii) Calculate the number of tall and white flowers that  would be obtained in the F2 generation.  [3  marks]

a.    (i)  Complete the table below with the respiratory surface of each of the listed organisms.
       

       (ii)  State five characteristic features of respiratory surfaces in organisms.    [5 marks]

b. Make a drawing, 4 cm – 6 cm long of the respiratory organ in Tilapia and label fully.    [9 marks]
 

b. List five parts of the alimentary canal of an earthworm.    [5 marks]
c. State six ways by which water could be polluted by agricultural.     [6 marks]
d. Describe briefly the life cycle of a housefly.    [5 marks]
e. Make a diagram, 6 cm – 8 cm long of the hypogeal germination in a mature maize seedling and label fully.    [8 marks]

The table below shows the percentage composition of fat and protein in six different meat types. Study it and  answer questions 2(a) to 2(d).

a.    (i)  Which two of the meat types may be recommended for an obese patient?    [2 marks]
       (ii)  State one reason for the answer in 2(a)(i).    [1 mark]

b.    (i)  Which two of the meat types would provide the most energy?    [2 marks]
       (ii) State two reasons for the answer in 2(b)(i).    [2 marks]

c.    (i)  Which three of the meat types could be recommended for a child suffering from kwashiorkor?    [3  marks]
       (ii)  State one reason for the answer in 2(c)(i)    [1 mark]

d.    Which  of the meat types would most likely be suitable for:
    (i)  an active teenager;    [1  mark]
    (ii)  a 70-year old human?     [1  mark]

e.    Which  other class of food provides energy?    [1  mark]

f.    State three uses of fat in the human body.    [3  marks]

g.    Describe briefly the procedure for testing for fat in a meat sample using a piece of white paper.    [3 marks]
 

a.    Classify  the following biological associations under the headings in the table below:
    (i)  Remora and shark;
    (ii)  Lichen;
    (iii)  Cattle and white Egret;
    (iv)  Tapeworm in the gut of humans;
    (v)  Flowers and Honeybees; 
    (vi)  Mistletoe and Cacao plant.

                        [6 marks]

b.    (i) State three adaptive features of parasites.    [6  marks]
    (ii) State two effects of parasites on their hosts.    [2 marks]

c.    (i)  What are saprophytes?    [2  marks]
    (ii)  Give four examples of saprophytes.    [4  marks]

Use the information below to answer questions 4(a)(i) and 4(a)(ii).
    Hb Are presents normal haemoglobin, 
    HbS represents sickled haemoglobin.

a. A female heterozygote for sickle cell married a sickler.  With the aid of a genetic diagram, determine the:
    (i)  possible genotypes of their offspring;    [8  marks]
    (ii)  phenotypic ratio of the offspring.    [2  marks]

b. Explain briefly the reason why a Rhesus negative woman married to a Rhesus positive man might lose her second  pregnancy.    [5 marks]

c. Name two examples of features in animals that support the theory of use and disuse of body parts as used by Lamarck.    [2 marks]

d. List three structures in mammals that are vestigial.    [3  marks]

a. Explain briefly the importance of the following factors and organisms in the nitrogen cycle
    (i)  lightning;    [3  marks]
    (ii)  Nitrosomonas; [2  marks]
    (iii)  Azotobacter.    [2  marks]

b. Name the excretory organ in:
    (i)  insects: [1  mark]
    (ii)  earthworm.

c. Define
    (i)  hepatitis;  [4  marks]
    (ii)  kidney stones    [4marks]

d.     (i) State three effects of lack of sense  receptors in the skin to humans.  [3 marks]
    (ii) List three layers of the epidermis in the skin of humans.    [3 marks]

e.    (i) What  is metamorphosis?  [2  marks]
    (ii) State the type of metamorphosis  exhibited by each of the following insects  listed in the table below.

a. Complete the table below.

    [6 marks]

b. List five parts of the alimentary canal of an earthworm.    [5 marks]

c. State six ways by which water could be polluted by agricultural practices.    [6 marks]

d. Describe briefly the life cycle of a housefly.    [5 marks]

e. Make a diagram, 6 cm – 8 cm long of the hypogeal germination in a mature maize seedling and label fully.    [8 marks]