WAEC Geography 1991 Past Questions

Practice each question, then open it to see the full details.

The planet with the longest orbit around the sun is

A.the Earth
B.Jupiter
C.Pluto
D.Mars
E.Venus

(a) Distinguish between rotation and revolution of the earth

(b) Highlight any two effects of either rotation or revolution of the earth

(c) With the aid of a suitable diagram describe an eclipse of the sun

What is the local time of a place on longitude 64^{0^{E when the GMT is 10.00a.m?}}

A.2.16 a.m
B.5.44 a.m
C.2.16 p.m
D.4.16 p.m
E.5.44 p.m

(a) Describe the characteristics of each of the following rock types
(i) Granite
(ii) Limestone
(iii) Graphite

(b) Explain how each rock type is formed

The liquid portion of the earth may be referred to as the

A.atmospere
B.hydroshere
C.lithosphere
D.biosphere
E.troposphere

Write explanatory notes on each of the following

(a) Land and sea breezes

(b) Temperature inversion

(c) Convectional rainfall

The innermost party of the earth which is rich in iron and nickel and is usually subjected to great heat and pressure is termed the

A.baryspher
B.mesophere
C.lithosphere
D.hydrosphere
E.stratosphere

Discuss the important features of Koppen's climatic classification

Which of the following statements is not correct?

A.Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling and solidification of magma
B.maga is erupted from the interior of the earth
C.when magma solidifies on the surface of the earth it is called intrusive rock
D.Mama contains no fossils
E.magma does not occur in layers

(a) Describe the characteristics of the tropical grassland vegetation

(b) Outline the economic values of this vegetation type to the inhabitants of the region

When a plateau is enclosed by fold mountains it is alled

A.a volcanic plateau
B.a tectonic pleteau
C.an intermont pleteau
D.a dissected pleteau
E.an extensive pleteau

(a) Name two main types of environmental pollution and describe three causes of any one of them

(b) State three effects of pollution on man

Mass movement of weathered materials may be gradual or sudden depending on the I, gradient of the slope and gravitational force 11 weight of the weathered debris III, supply of lubricating moisture by rainwater coupled with gravitation force IV type of weathering which has taken place

A.l,ll and lll
B.l, ll and lV
C.l and lv only
D.ll and lV only
E.lll and lV only

(a) Explain two physical and two human factors which may favour a rapid growth of population

(b) Outline five problems that may arise from the rapid growth of population

An intrusion of magma along a bedding plane is called a

A.dyke
B.batholith
C.volcanic plug
D.lava plain
E.still

(a) Identify three types of rural settlements and describe the main characteristics of each

(b) In what four ways are rural and urban settlements interdependent?

Which of the following is a product of chemical weathering?

A.Scree
B.Exfoliation dome
C.Grike
D.Stack
E.Dyke

In what ways can transportation contribute to the economic development of any one country?

Most warm ocean currents flow

A.in tropical seas
B.on the wesatern coasts of continents
C.towards the equator
D.in high latitudes
E.towards the high latitudes

Write explanatory notes on any three of the following:

(a) Government's influence on the location of industries in Tropical Africa

(b) Nearness to market as a factor of industrial location in Tropical Africa

(c) The concentration of manufacturing industries n urban centres of developing countries

(d) The predominance of consumer oriented industries in developing countries

Salinity is mainly dependent on!, evaporation,II, the amount of fresh water added III, ocean currents IV winds

A.I and II only
B.I, II and III only
C.II and III only
D.II and IV only
E.III and IV only

What five factors determine the volume of trade between Nigeria and Ghana

The monthly range of temperature is the

A.sum of the daily temperature readings for the month
B.average of the highest and lowest daily temperatures for the month
C.differences between the highest and lowest daily tempareture for the month
D.total daily temperatures for the month divided by 30
E.product of the highest and the lowest daily

(a) On a sketch map of Nigeria locate and name any four vegetation belts

(b) Highlight four ways in which the forest vegetation contributes to the economy of the country

(c) Outline any four problems associated with the exploitation of the forest vegetation.

Which of the following is not important in defining soil?

A.Colour
B.Capillary water
C.Texture
D.Permeability
E.Porosity

(a) What is meant by the term hinterland?

(b) Highlight with specific examples, the importance of sea ports in the economy of Nigeria

(c) State any four problems of port development in Nigeria

The montane vegetation is most widespread on the

A.Udi plateau
B.Oban hills
C.Idanre hills
D.Mambilla plateau
E.Adamawa highlands

Contrast the Sokoto Plains with the Eastern highlands under the following headings

(a) relief and drainage

(b) resources and human activities

(c) problems of development

The isoberlina tree is characteristic of the

A.sudan savanna
B.sahel savanna
C.high forest
D.fesh water swamp
E.guinea savanna

(a) Draw a sketch map of Nigeria and on it, locate and name

(i) three major zones of modern manufacturing industries

(ii) two important towns within each zone

(b) Outline any three problems which result from the concentration of manufacturing industries in these zones

(c) Suggest three steps which can be taken to encourage the growth of industries outside these zones.

The environmental lapse rate is best described as

A.a decrease in air temperature by 0. 65 ⁰C per 1000m of ascent in the atmosphere
B.the rate of temperature changes within the stratosphere
C.a fall in air temperature by 6.5⁰
D.a decrease of air temperature by 6.5⁰
E.a fall in air temperature by 0.6⁰

Write explanatory notes on any four of the following

(a) Cocoa growing in western Nigeria

(b) Oil palm production in the eastern states

(c) Rice cultivation ire the middle belt

(d) Intensive farming in the Kano close-settled zone

Water pollution is caused by all the following except

A.increased silt load
B.sand filling
C.sewage disposal
D.industrial effluent
E.mineral workings

(a) On an outline map of West Africa, show
(i) one area having less than four months of rainfall annually
(ii) one area having rainfall all the year round
(iii) the position of the high pressure belt in January

(b) Give three reasons for the length of the rainy season in (a)(i) above

(c) Explain three problems that rainfall may pose to agriculture in (a) (ii) above

Which of the factors least affects distribution of vegetation?

A.Man
B.Rainfaill
C.Wind
D.Soil
E.Temperature

(a) On an outline map of West Africa, locate and name
(i) two ECOWAS member countries along the coast
(ii) two ECOWAS member countries in the interior
(iii) the capital of each of the countries

(b) Describe six benefits which any one of the countries shown on your map derives from its membership of the ECOWAS

Which of the following environmental hazards has been paired with the wrong factor?

A.Coastal erosion and wave action
B.Drought and climate
C.Floods and human factor only
D.Deforestation and human factor only
E.Soil erosion and physical/human factors

(a) On an outline map of West Africa, show:
(i) one area each in a different country, important for diamond, petroleum and gold
(ii) one important town in each area
(iii) one route from the producing area to the port of export for each mineral

(b) Describe one method of mining any one of the minerals in (a) above

(c) Highlight four problems associated with mining in West Africa

Which of the following does not intervene in the natural environment?

A.Construction works
B.Pollution
C.Harmattan
D.Land reclamation
E.Farming

(a) On an outline map of Africa, locate and name
(i) longitudes 0° and 20°E and latitudes 4°N and 35°S
(ii) the rivers Zambezi and Volta
(iii) Mount Ruwenzor and the Atlab mountains
(iv) Yaounde and Entebbe
(v) one man-made lake along the River Nile
(vi) the Namib desert

(b) In what four ways are the rivers of Africa important?

The most critical element in an ecosystem is the

A.growth per day
B.energy flow within the system
C.number of species in the system
D.extent of area covered by the system
E.location of the system

(a) Of what importance is the Aswan High Dam to the Nile Basin?

(b) Identify four problems resulting from the construction of the dam.

Which of the following does not encourage desertification?

A.Large- scale irrigation schemes
B.Reduction in mean annual rainfall
C.Overgrazing and overcultivation
D.Bush burning
E.Indiscriminate felling of trees

The active human population is determined by its

A.racial combination
B.male-female ratio
C.age distribution
D.height difference
E.density per km²

The active human population is determined by its

A.racial combination
B.male-female ratio
C.age distribution
D.height difference
E.density per km²

Which of the following may be not solve the problem of over-population?

A.Increase in food production
B.Birth control
C.Increase in the area extent of towns
D.Reduction of agricultural land
E.Migration

Settlements can be classified according to all the following except

A.shape
B.age
C.function
D.population density
E.location

A conurbation can best be described as

A.a very large urban settlement
B.several towns whos suburbs have expanded and merged to form an urban sprawl
C.two or more towns joined together but each remaining distinct
D.a continuous belt of urban settlements
E.an agglomeration of several large settlements

A conurbation can best be described as

A.a very large urban settlement
B.several towns whos suburbs have expanded and merged to form an urban sprawl
C.two or more towns joined together but each remaining distinct
D.a continuous belt of urban settlements
E.an agglomeration of several large settlements

Through which of the following sea routes is Nigerian crude oil transported to European sets? The

A.Panama Canal
B.North Altanic route
C.Cape Atlantic route
D.Trans-Pacific route
E.South Atlantic route