WAEC Geography 1997 Past Questions

Using relevant sketches, distinguish between

(a) solstice and equinox

B. the earth's rotation and revolution

C. parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude 
 

(a) Discuss, using specific examples, any four factors that determine the pattern of movement of ocean currents the North Pacific Ocean

(b) Select any one cold current in the North Pacific Ocean and outline its effects on thE climate of the adjacent coastland 
 

4. With the aid of suitable diagrams describe the appearance and process of formation of any two of the following landforms

(a) Rock pedestal (b) Depression (c) Barchan (d) Inselberg 
 

(a) Outline any four factors that can influence climate of a place

(b) In what three ways does climate affect man 
 

Describe desert encroachment under the following headings

(a) causes (b) areas liable (c) effect (d) methods of prevention 
 

 (a) Using specific examples, describe any three causes of air pollution

(b) Outline three major effects of air pollution 

(c) Suggest any three ways of controlling air pollution 

(a) Explain any four factors that-determine population distribution

(b) Describe any two types of population movement

(c) What four problems are associated with any one of the types of population movement described in (b) 
 

(a) In what four ways does a town differ from a village?

(b) Describe with examples three functions which a town may perform for a village 
 

Using specific examples, discuss rail transportation in African countries under the following headings

(a) Reasons for construction (b) Problems (c) Solutions 
 

(a) Name two examples of local craft and two of manufacturing industries in Tropical Africa

(b) Outline any five factors which affect the location of manufacturing industries in Tropical Africa

(c) What three problems face manufacturing industry in the sub-region? 
 

(a)(i) Name any one country in Europe that trades with Nigeria
(ii) Identify any two commodities exported by each trading partner

(b) State four benefits which both countries derive from their trade relations

(c) Highlight any four problems facing the trade between the two countries in (a)(i) above 
 

(a) On an outline map of Nigeria show and name:
(i) one area with an annual rainfall below 100cm
(ii) one area with an annual rainfall below 300cm
(iii) two important towns in each area

(b) Describe four other climatic features of the area shown in (a)(ii) above

(c) Name the vegetation type associated with the climate described in (b) above and outline its characteristics 
 

(a) Draw a sketch map of Nigeria and on it locate and name:
(i) the Niger-Benue trough
(ii) the rivers Niger and Benue
(iii) one confluence town
(iv) Bacita and Numan

(b) Describe the commercial production of sugarcane in the Niger-Benue Trough under the following headings:
(i) method of cultivation
(ii) method of harvesting
(iii) economic importance
 

(a) On an outline map of Nigeria, locate and name:
(i) the rain-forest belt
(ii) one area of montane vegetation
(iii) two towns important for lumbering within the forest belt.

(b) Describe any four factors which have favoured the production of timber in Nigeria

(c) Outline any four problems facing the lumbering industry in Nigeria 
 

Describe the distinguishing characteristics of either the Western Highlands or the Eastern Highlands under the following heading:

(a) Relief and drainage (b) Agriculture (c) Problems of development 
 

On a sketch map of Nigeria, locate and name:
(i) the rivers Imo and Kaduna
(ii) two H EP stations
(iii) two thermal stations
(iv) two oil refineries

(b) In what three ways has the oil industry contributed to the economic development of Nigeria?

(c) State four problems arising from the exploitation of crude oil in Nigeria

(a) Highlight any five features of rotational bush fallowing as practised in WestAfrica

(b) State four advantages of this system of agriculture

(c) Outline any four disadvantages of the system 
 

(a) Draw an outline map of Africa and on it, locate the
(i) rivers Zambesi, Nile and Zaire
(ii) mounts Cameroun, Drakensberg and Tibesti
(iii) EastAfrican Rift Valley

(b) Using specific examples explain three effects of mountains on the climate of Africa

(c) Describe any four ways in which the highlands of Africa are of economic importance
 

(a) On a sketch map of Africa, locate and name:
(i) one area with an equatorial climate
(ii) one area with a desert climate
(iii) one major town in each area

(b) Describe three major characteristics of any one of the climatic types shown on your map

(c) identify any three ways in which natural vegetation has adapted to the climate in the area selected in (b) 
 

(a) Draw a sketch map of Africa and on it show the following vegetation belts:
(i) Tropical rain-forest
(ii) Tropical grassland
(iii) Temperate grassland

(b) Describe any four characteristics of the Tropical rainforest of Africa

(c) In what four ways is the Tropical rain-forest of economic importance to Africa? 
 

 (a) Name four irrigation schemes within the Nile Basin(two in Egypt and two in Sudan)

(b) Select any one of the schemes and describe the factors which have favoured its development

(c) Outline the contributions of the scheme in (b) above to the economic development of the area

(d) Highlight any three problems associated with irrigation schemes in the Nile Valley